The Mayans

pic By Chandler Anschutz Standard to be covered by this project Describe the diverse characteristics of early American Civilizations and societies in North, Central, and federation America by comparing and contrasting the major aspects (government, religion, interactions with the environment, economy, and social life) of American Indian civilizations and societies such(prenominal) as the Maya, Aztec, Inca, Pueblo, and/or Eastern Woodland peoples. pic Rise and spillway of the Mayans The Maya people lived from 11,000 B. C. to almost 1500 A. D. At 11,000 B. C. he first hunter-gatherers settle into the Maya Highlands. According to Mayans Long Count Calendar the creation of the world takes place in 3114-3113 B. C. In the year 2000 B. C. the Olmec civilization is on the rise, the root of many traditions in the Mayan Culture. 700 B. C. Maya people form a written language of a form of hieroglyphics. The Mayan script is logosyllabic corporate trust about 550 logograms (which represent whole words) and 150 syllabograms (which represent syllables). There were excessively about 100 glyphs representing place names and the names of gods.Only about 300 of these glyphs were ordinarily used. In 300 B. C. the Mayans adopted the idea of a hierarchical society ru lead by nobles and kings. The city of Teotihuacan is founded in 100 B. C. and becomes the center of culture, religion and affair in Mesoamerican for centuries. The Mayan people learned to farm the harsh tropical land. As populations grew, they adopted more intensive methods of cultivation including composting, terracing, and irrigation. They filled in swamps to creating palm and used silt and muck from bottomlands to fertilize enclosed gardens.Artificial ponds gave a place to hold fish, and corrals held deer and other game flushed from the forest. Their settlements grew into large city-states and with the city-states came large palaces and temples. They were in truth artistic they do ceramics, murals, and sculpture s. They understood the concept of zero and formed a precise extensive hieroglyphic form of writing. Their year had 365 days to it and they regular(a) had made the leap year correction. They predicted solar eclipses, watched the stars, and even had their temples built so that at a certain time of year theyd face the fair weatherrise or sunset exactly.The Mayans were led by Maya Kings, who got their power from the gods. They were both priests, interpreting religion and as leaders in times of peace and war. These kings would perform public rituals better-looking metaphysical meaning to the movement of the heavens, changing calendars, and even royal succession. Besides the spiritual rituals the Maya cities functioned just as a normal city would trading, fighting, making alliances, and gaining/losing land. Waka, a Maya city had become a large center of trade. Goods like jade, obsidian, and pyrite even made it to the Mayans.Waka also had a tributary to the San Pedro, it was sheltered and had room to tolerate large canoes. The Mayans also invented a type of flak jacket. It was a cotton vest, stuffed with rock salt. A guy by the name of brace is Born led an army toward Waka in means to gain reinforcements. Fire is Born was sent to conquer Tikal. With his new found reinforcements from Waka it took him a week to reach Tikal and conquer them. Fire is Born became the cities new overlord. Following Fire is Borns take over of Tikal, Tikal itself started to expand. In the year 800 A. D.Cancun was overrun by invaders. These invaders took 31 royal hostages into the judicial system yard, probably members of the royal family, and systematically decapitated every one of them. The king of Cancun was not spared, nor was his wife or children. The invaders took none of the riches or valuable items of the city, rather they defaced all of the monuments and toppled them face down. Almost every city was met by its end in this way or simply faded out of existence. Nobles abandoned palaces even the homeless who had come to live in the palaces eventually abandoned them.The downfall of the Maya civilization can not be put of one simple in time terrible event. The collapse is due to many possible problems that could have damaged the empire. Resources grew scarce kings with religious rituals lost their luster, leading instability and desperation to fuel remnant warfare. These problems may have been the cause of the fall of the Mayan civilization. There is not one exact known reason for the end of the Mayans and is for now still a mystery. pic pic pic pic IMIX IK AKBAL KAN ee mesh eek ok bol k on waterlily, world wind night-house maize pic pic pic pic CHIKCHAN KIMI MANIK LAMAT cheek chon kee me ma neek la mot snake death hand Venus pic pic pic pic MULUK OK CHUEN EB mul ok ak chew in eb water dog monkey tooth pic pic pic pic BEN IX MEN KIB ben eesh men keeb reed jaguar eagle soul pic pic pic pic KABAN ETZNAB KAWAK AHAW kah bon ehts nob kah wok a h how earth flint, spit storm Lord These symbols were the symbols the Mayans used to represent the 20 days of their month. With each symbol are their Yucatec names, pronunciation and approximate translation. These are the Mayan words for units of time day = Kin (keen) Month of 20 days = Uinal (wee nal) Year of 360 days = Tun (toon) 20 Tuns = Katun (k ah toon) 20 Katuns = Baktun (bock toon) pic This is a picture of Hunab Ku. He is the supreme god of the Mayans religion. He is also the creator god. He is the Mayan equivalent for Greeks Zeus. Hunab Ku has power over the other gods. pic This is Cizin, the Mayan god of death. He would be a darker equivalent of the Greeks Hades.He requires a brutal sacrifice such of decapitation. Some of the religious rituals Maya Kings performed were sacrifices to this god to keep his wrath at bay. pic Kinich Ahau, the Mayan sun god. He brought the sun across the sky. He was an important god to the Mayans they needed the sun to grow their crops. Sacrif ices were also made to this particular god so hed continue to bring the sun out. pic The Mayan god of rain and lightning, Chac, was also very important to the Maya. He brought rain to water the crops. Sacrifices were made to him to continue bringing the rain and to not use lightning against the Mayans. Chac played an important role in the Mayan religion. picThis is an antiquated Mayan temple in Cancun. From the Mayan Classic Period, 300-900 A. D. this temple was used as a site for religious rituals. These rituals, performed by the king of the city, would have been sacrifices to the gods. Many gods were sacrificed to for the Mayans believed that the gods would be attractive to them and help them if they had been sacrificed in return. pic This is a map of where the Maya Civilization lived. This part of the world is the southern end of Mexico and Guatemala. The sites shown on the map are locations of Mayan cities and villages. There were many of cities in Central America. pic This is a Mayan Ruins site. Its the site of Tikal, a great city.Fire is Born conquered this city just a week after gaining reinforcements at Waka. This city subsequently went on the offensive and expanded. pic These are the ruins of Chichen Itza. Chichen Itza was a large city of the Mayans. The temple would have been of great religious importance. Many a sacrifice would have interpreted place within those walls. pic This is a temple from Uxmal, an ancient Mayan city. This temple would have been used as a religious place used for rituals and sacrifices. Mayans sacrificed people to the gods in return for peace and aid with whatever happened to be the problem at the moment. Bibliography The Mayan Civilization Timeline. Mexconnect. 01 Jan 2008. Web. Jan 2010. . Criscenzo, Jeeni. The Maya. The Maya. Web. 8 Jan 2010. . Ager, Simon. Mayan Scipt. Omniglot. Web. 8 Jan 2010. . The Mayan Calendar. Web Exhibits. IDEA, Web. 8 Jan 2010. . The Mayas. Minnesota State University. Web. 8 Jan 2010 . . The Mayas. Civilizations in America. Web. 8 Jan 2010. . Mayan History Timeline. One World Journeys. Web. 8 Jan 2010. . The Mayan History. Mayan Indians. Web. 8 Jan 2010. . The Rise and Fall of the Mayan Empire. Science at NASA. Web. 8 Jan 2010. . Gugliotta, Guy. Maya Rise and Fall. National Geographic. 01 Aug 2007. Web. 8 Jan 2010. .